Abstract: To address the issues of a single signal output port, high false-alarm rates, and unreasonable shutdown logic in protection systems for belt conveyors in coal preparation plants, a multi-port graded protection system based on priority classification and fuzzy adaptive control was developed and applied at Matou Coal Preparation Plant to improve the operational stability and intelligent safety management of belt conveyors.The study restructured the protection-signal output architecture and established a priority-based multi-port coordinated control architecture. The nine types of protection devices deployed in the field were classified into three priority levels—high, medium, and low—with corresponding independent output ports assigned to each level. A dedicated maintenance port was also added to meet equipment inspection and maintenance requirements.Among these, the high-priority port integrates protection signals for critical faults, including coal blockage, belt tearing, and emergency pull-cord switch signals along the conveyor. These signals can directly trigger an emergency shutdown, thereby preventing major safety incidents. For medium-priority signals, an adaptive interlocking algorithm based on dynamic weighting and fuzzy inference was introduced. By dynamically adjusting the operating thresholds according to real-time operating conditions, the algorithm effectively suppresses false alarms caused by environmental interference. Low-priority signals are uniformly converted into warning and monitoring signals, while signal splitters are used to accurately separate and process signals according to their priority levels.Meanwhile, redundant deployment was implemented for critical monitoring sensors, together with an automatic routing function that directs fault signals to the dedicated maintenance port. This configuration effectively prevents localized equipment failures from causing the failure of the entire protection system, thereby ensuring its continuous, stable, and reliable operation.A three-month field comparative trial was conducted using No.35 belt conveyor at Matou Coal Preparation Plant as the test platform. The results showed that, after the modification, the system’s false-alarm rate decreased from approximately 30% to below 5%, while unplanned equipment downtime caused by false alarms was reduced by more than 40%.Based on actual field operating data, the annual total economic benefit generated by implementing the system was estimated at 1.426 million yuan, with a net economic benefit of 1.126 million yuan.The system effectively addresses the operational limitations of conventional conveyor protection systems and significantly improves the reliability of equipment protection and the intelligence level of on-site maintenance. It provides a highly reliable, low-false-alarm solution for optimizing equipment protection systems and offers a practical approach to the development of intelligent coal preparation plants.