Abstract: In the material conveying system of a coal preparation plant, chutes are key gravity-fed equipment, and their operational efficiency and stability have a decisive impact on sorting accuracy, equipment lifespan, and energy consumption. However, traditional chute designs rely heavily on experience and often face problems like blockages, wear, and material spillage under complex operating conditions, leading to low efficiency, high maintenance costs, and dust pollution. Most existing studies are case-specific and lack universal design guidelines. This article introduces the structural characteristics of typical material transfer chutes in coal preparation plants and analyzes common issues during chute operation, such as blockages, wear, abnormal vibrations and noise, material misalignment, and dust escape, along with their underlying causes. To address these problems, solutions like structural optimization, auxiliary unclogging measures, and material improvements are proposed, while also critically highlighting current technological limitations in terms of cost, efficiency, applicability, and maintenance. Future research should avoid “patchwork”solutions and focus on building an intelligent, multidisciplinary system that combines anti-clogging, wear resistance, noise reduction, and dust control. Developing adaptive structures for dynamic conditions, high-fidelity multi-physics models, and low-power intelligent monitoring and control technologies can comprehensively enhance chute performance.